May, 2008: 2 (5)
"Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Numbers by TGF-beta Signaling"
[Cover Caption]
Browse Archive
 Editors' Notes | Pages |
|---|---|
| Editors' Notes | xi |
| Previews | Pages |
| Manipulating Midbrain Stem Cell Self-Renewal Joseph J. LoTurco and Arnold R. Kriegstein | 405 |
| Cutaneous Cancer Stem Cells: β-Catenin Strikes Again Kristin M. Braun | 406 |
| Open Chromatin and Hypertranscription in Embryonic Stem Cells Bryan M. Turner | 408 |
| Translational Control: A New Dimension in Embryonic Stem Cell Network Analysis Wing Y. Chang and William L. Stanford | 410 |
| Stem Cells and Parkinson's Disease: Toward a Treatment, Not a Cure Clive Svendsen | 412 |
| Profile | Pages |
| PABSELA: A Research Highway between Two Hemispheres Ann Parson | 414 |
| Commentary | Pages |
| The Use of Fresh Embryos in Stem Cell Research: Ethical and Policy Issues Cynthia B. Cohen, Bruce Brandhorst, Andras Nagy, Arthur Leader, Bernard Dickens, Rosario M. Isasi, Donald Evans, and Bartha M. Knoppers | 416 |
| Protocol Review | Pages |
| Genetic Modification of Human Embryonic Stem Cells for Derivation of Target Cells Antonietta Giudice and Alan Trounson | 422 |
| ISSCR: Executive Note | Pages |
| Global Forum Discusses Stem Cell Research Strategy George Q. Daley, Heather M. Rooke, and Nancy Witty | 435 |
| Articles | Pages |
| Global Transcription in Pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cells Sol Efroni, Radharani Duttagupta, Jill Cheng, Hesam Dehghani, Daniel J. Hoeppner, Chandravanu Dash, David P. Bazett-Jones, Stuart Le Grice, Ronald D.G. McKay, Kenneth H. Buetow, Thomas R. Gingeras, Tom Misteli, and Eran Meshorer | 437 |
| A Hierarchical Network Controls Protein Translation during Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation Prabha Sampath, David K. Pritchard, Lil Pabon, Hans Reinecke, Stephen M. Schwartz, David R. Morris, and Charles E. Murry | 448 |
| Notch Signaling Activation in Human Embryonic Stem Cells Is Required for Embryonic, but Not Trophoblastic, Lineage Commitment Xiaobing Yu, Jizhong Zou, Zhaohui Ye, Holly Hammond, Guibin Chen, Akinori Tokunaga, Prashant Mali, Yue-Ming Li, Curt Civin, Nicholas Gaiano, and Linzhao Cheng | 461 |
| Brain Area-Specific Effect of TGF-β Signaling on Wnt-Dependent Neural Stem Cell Expansion Sven Falk, Heiko Wurdak, Lars M. Ittner, Fabian Ille, Grzegorz Sumara, Marie-Theres Schmid, Kalina Draganova, Karl S. Lang, Christian Paratore, Per Leveen, Ueli Suter, Stefan Karlsson, Walter Born, Romeo Ricci, Magdalena Götz, and Lukas Sommer | 472 |
| Pbx1 Regulates Self-Renewal of Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Maintaining Their Quiescence Francesca Ficara, Mark J. Murphy, Min Lin, and Michael L. Cleary | 484 |
| ER71 Acts Downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt Signaling in Blood and Vessel Progenitor Specification Dongjun Lee, Changwon Park, Ho Lee, Jesse J. Lugus, Seok Hyung Kim, Elizabeth Arentson, Yun Shin Chung, Gustavo Gomez, Michael Kyba, Shuo Lin, Ralf Janknecht, Dae-Sik Lim, and Kyunghee Choi | 497 |
Cover Caption
On the cover: Three-dimensional reconstruction of confocal images showing a neuroepithelial cell undergoing mitosis (in green: phospho-histone H3, isosurface; blue: DAPI) close to the apical surface of the developing brain site where neural stem cells self-renew. Self-renewal and expansion of these cells are regulated by an antagonistic crosstalk between TGF-β and Wnt as shown by Falk et al. (472–483).
Featured Article
- A Hierarchical Network Controls Protein Translation during Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation
Prabha Sampath, David K. Pritchard, Lil Pabon, Hans Reinecke, Stephen M. Schwartz, David R. Morris, and Charles E. Murry
[Summary] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] - Stem cell differentiation involves changes in transcription, but little is known about translational control during differentiation. We comprehensively profiled gene expression during differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into embryoid bodies by integrating transcriptome analysis with global assessment of ribosome loading. While protein synthesis was parsimonious during self-renewal, differentiation induced an anabolic switch, with global increases in transcript abundance, polysome content, protein synthesis, and protein content. Furthermore, 78% of transcripts showed increased ribosome loading, thereby enhancing translational efficiency. Transcripts under exclusive translational control included the transcription factor ATF5, the tumor suppressor DCC, and the β-catenin agonist Wnt1. We show that a hierarchy of translational regulators, including mTOR, 4EBP1, and the RNA-binding proteins DAZL and GRSF1, control global and selective protein synthesis during ESC differentiation. Parsimonious translation in pluripotent state and hierarchical translational regulation during differentiation may be important quality controls for self-renewal and choice of fate in ESCs.
